Culture and Religion - Shrine Pilgrimage in Turkmenistan Essay - 1

Culture and Religion - Shrine Pilgrimage in Turkmenistan - Essay Example These groups find their linkage with four caliphs of Islam. Owlat people are given special respect by tribes of Turkmenistan and their property is inviolable in Turkmenistan. This status of inviolable property has strengthened the Owlat people by ensuring economic stability. Pilgrimage of shrines is the activity that kept people of Turkmenistan on the path of Islam. Despite all the banes of soviet rule on pilgrimage activities, people kept visiting the holy sites because of their emotional and spiritual attachments. After getting the independence from soviet rule, the pilgrimage activities once again flourished in Turkmenistan. Importance of holy activities and their impact on human life and on culture is discussed in detail in paragraphs to follow: Pilgrimage culture prevailed by early tribal settlement in Turkmenistan and this culture and trends were brought by â€Å"Oghuz Khan†. Turkmen follow â€Å"holy groups† known as â€Å"Owlat†. Six Owlet groups are respected according to level of their spiritual powers. These groups find their linkage with four caliphs of Islam and ultimately with Prophet (peace be upon him). Turk people started considering Owlat people for different festivals of life like, marriage, life cycle, cultivation of crops and religious guidance etc. Every important work of human life used to get started with the hands of an Owlat, for the reasons of good end. â€Å"Gonambashi† is the term used for head of a cemetery in Turkmenistan. Gonambashi is the first man buried and around him, other people of community are buried. Gonambashi was respected for its spiritual powers to help people coming to his grave. â€Å"Keramatlier† is another word used during shrine activity that means â€Å"place of miracles†. According to soviet specialists, Muslims of 20th century called themselves â€Å"half Muslims†, because of not following real teachings of Islam. Soviet rule aimed at anti religious

Manifest Destiny American Civil War Essay Example for Free

Manifest Destiny American Civil War Essay Manifest Destiny In the 1840s the United States increased its territory to stretch from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. This land was acquired through treaty, war, and negotiation. The opportunities of this large area of land offered in terms of resources and trade were great. The positive of M.D. do not outweigh the negative consequences. Manifest Destiny is a historic duty, in the 1800s the Americans believed that the manifest destiny of the United States was to expand to the Pacific Ocean. The United States started as costal colonies but eventually the fulfilled their manifest destiny and expanded buy conquering and purchasing land. The Americans gained more land by buying it from France in the Louisiana Purchase and they also acquired land by cession as they did in the Mexican Cession. Other ways of expanded their land was to take it by force; many settlers killed the Indians and stole their land from them. The Americans in the 1800s believed that it was the historic duty of their nation to expand to the Pacific Ocean. They believed that the land was rightfully theirs. They ignored the fact that the land was already occupied and began to move west. They did not recognize the Indians as people; they saw them as potential slaves, so they simply killed them and took their land. Much of the land was bought from France in the Louisiana Purchase, but other lands such as Texas, California and Oregon was not theirs. Using both military strength and negotiations, the US was determined to fulfill their historic duty. The main difference between the border issues of Oregon and Texas is the way these issues were settled. The Texas issue resulted in a war with Mexico, which gained land and lost soldiers. However, this did allow the US to gain more land than just Texas. The Oregon issue, on the other hand, was more peaceful. The US negotiated and made a treaty with Britain instead of going to war with them. However, both these issues were different ways the US gained land and expanded their nation.

Anorexia and Bulimia :: Causes of Bulimia Nervosa, Anorexia

A variation of Anorexia, Bulimia ranges from excessive food intake, to an out of control compulsive cycle of binge eating where extraordinary amounts of any available food, usually of high carbohydrate content, may be consumed. Once having gorged, the victims are overcome with the urge to rd themselves of what they hate eaten by purging themselves, usually by vomiting, and sometimes by massive doses of laxatives. Between these obsessive bouts, most are able to accept some nutrition. Whereas the anorexic sufferer fears fatness from anticipated loss of eating control, and unlike the anorexic sufferer the typical bulimic individual is not emaciated, but usually maintains a normal body weight and appears to be fit and healthy. However, the obsessive binge purge cycle causes them deep distress, shame, guilt, self-loathing and social isolation, and many will go to any lengths to hide their â€Å"shameful† secret from the family and friends. Typical Sufferers The anorexic or bulimic may be either sex, but the smaller percentage is in males. However the male percentage is on the increase. Most sufferers come from middle and upper income families, and are usually highly intelligent. Anorexic and bulimic people are often perfectionists, with unrealistically high expectations. They frequently lack self-esteem, with their feelings of ineffectiveness and a strong need for other peoples’ approval. Causes There is at present no generally accepted view of the causes of anorexia or bulimia. Most authorities believe the problem to be psychologically based, possibly stemming from family and social pressures, or other forms of stress in our modern environment. Where a high value is placed on slim-ness, women are most likely to be judged on their appearance, against a heavy background of high carbohydrate junk food promotion. Often, the illness is triggered by a major change in the person’s life. Age and Extent Anorexia tends to start in early the early teens, whereas bulimia usually occurs in the late teens and older age groups. Sometimes bulimia develops out of anorexia, but can occur without a previous history of anorexia. It often persists over many years. It is known girls as young as 8 years of age had displayed an unhealthy pre-occupation with dieting. The full extent of the problem is not known, but estimates very from one in every hundred school girls with anorexia, to six percent of Australian women with bulimia. Since bulimia is not a physically obvious condition, the numbers could be far higher. Social Isolation People who have anorexia or bulimia have probably been feeling isolated and friendless for a long time. This may have been one of the factors contributing to their belief that they are essentially unacceptable people. However, the condition itself increases social isolation. Sufferers dare not let people get too close to them in case their real self, which they

Mutual Insurance Company of Iowa Essay

Mutual Insurance Company of Iowa (MICI) has a major insurance office facility in Des Moines, Iowa. The MICI office facility in Des Moines is the one responsible for processing all their insurance claims for the entire nation. With this, the company is experiencing rapid growth of sales which resulted in corresponding increase in customer’s claims. However, the claiming department was unable to cope with the increasing volume of claims, which leads to the disappointment of their customers. Sally Cook, the manager of Claims Processing, suggested using a new kind of system, the JIT system. This new kind of system requires for the training of the managers and employees for them to able to be multi-skilled. JIT system also required for the restructuring of the company. If this new system will be implemented well, it will help with the current problem faced by the company and will in turn enhance production efficiency and increase customer relationships. Discussion Questions 1. Identify the attributes you would expect the Claims Processing Department at MICI to have once the new JIT system is in place. Since the company proposed that the employees should have cross-training exercises to be able to help in a variety of insurance claims processing, it will manifest that workers are flexible and are capable of working with various claims thus will result to a more efficient output by the employees. The employees who have been trained are the key success factors to the improvement of MICI with the help of the JIT system. 2. What will the restructured cell layout for claim processing in Figure 16.10 look like? Draw it. 3. What assumptions are you making about personnel and equipment in the new group technology cell layout? a. Decrease cost of labor b. Increase in assets such as equipments c. Higher utility expense d. Personnel are flexible and can handle different claim processes e. There will be specialization for each process f. Production equipment will be located in one central area g. Increase in employee training budget h. Improvement in the equipment utilization 4. How will the new JIT oriented system benefit the MICI operation? Explain. The JIT system, if installed and implemented properly, will have the benefits of the following to the MICI operation: a. The new system will reduce setup time and schedule delays since the production will be continuous. The forms will arrive and will be processed at the same day. b. Improvement in the flow of goods and services. The claim forms will be processed and cleared as soon as they arrive. c. Higher customer satisfaction. The company can offer services that can go in accordance to the demands of the customers. d. The company staff and workers will be more productive and multi-skilled since they have been trained comprehensively. e. The new system will reduce errors and defects in services since there will be quality control in the production.

Business Proposal

Customers can print cards for free, which means they don't have to purchase the card in-store. It is my Job to provide an effective solution. Background Each employee must make a standard of 480 per week equaling out to 100% order filling, with an acceptance of 90% for the week. Fillers should also have no errors with an acceptance of one error per one hundred cards. All orders should be accurate according to the consumers pick list. We thought it would help the company if we had a way for customers to access cards via internet. Cards are free and you can design them yourself.They can be printed or sent via email. Proposed Approach and Work Plan In our first approach we will observe the fillers in this department to make sure that loitering is the only underlying issue. We do not have a problem with employees socializing, but there is a Job to be done. If our consumers are not satisfied with our delivery then that puts the company in a hard place. We are falling behind, which causes us to lose money. Employees must be able to complete the work required of them in order for our business to remain steady. The issue that we are having is not with all of the employees, but it is effecting everyone.Each filler will have to check their orders before taking them to the line. After the orders are placed on the line, a ICQ checker will recheck the order to make sure it is correct according to its specific pick list. Since the orders are being double checked there should be little to no errors. The point of checking the orders more than once is to cut down on the number of errors in each order. The way the employees are working will also be observed. I think it would be best if we put someone on the floor hey are unfamiliar with rather than their team leader or a supervisor.Most times when employees see authority they change their routine so that it is pleasing in the eyes of the supervisor. The person that we put on the floor will be able to observe them for a week. At the end of the week he/she will report to us and we will go further from there. Employees lack the training and development required to perform their Job duties to the high standards of their employer (Scott, 2014). If this is the case, it is the employer and human resource responsibility to produce an action plan to help the employee develop the skills necessary to improve Job performance (Scott, 2014).It is important that you address performance issues as they arise and pursue a progressive approach to discipline (Rutgers). If the report from our source reveal that loitering is the main issue, we will then conduct a department meeting. In the department meeting we will discuss the issue with the employees. We will also discuss how it is effecting the company. After the discussion, we will tell them the consequences of not performing their Job duties to the best of their ability. If tankard is not met in the week, they will receive a write up.After they receive three write ups the employee will be terminated. Disciplining employees is a difficult part of supervision and management (Rutgers). Our customers enjoy the Cards. I don't feel we should stop the free services, but they should be limited. All of the cards should not be free. I know the goal is to draw in more customers, but the goal is also to make money. I think we should offer a certain amount of free Cards when the customers sign up and when they recommend the website to other people. I think if we take this approach we would ran more money.We may lose some customers, but I think in the end we would still profit. Conclusion The graph displayed is Just an example of the possible projections of our employees. The numbers are displayed as a single number but it is actually in hundreds. Each week their standard progresses. We hope the actual projections are better because these are Just average. Our goal is to make our consumers, customers and employees happy. In order to make this happen we need to wor k together. If we have employees that are willing to work and be productive, our company will continue to grow.Employee motivation is suppose to be a good way to get employees to do what you want them to do, according to Deed Parr. It is important to get to know your employees. Showing and being concerned about your employees motivate them, which produces better production. A strong and healthy work environment is always needed no matter what kind of business you are operating. When you find out what your employees interests are it is good to use them as positive reinforcement. The more personalized the incentive is the more motivation you will achieve and the greater the productivity (Parr, 2004). Unfit the company. Getting know your employees are important, but you do have those employees that are Just outright stubborn. You Just have those people that Just don't want to work (Stone, 2014). It will be up to human resources to come up with some vital information to help with the in terviewing of the potential employees. I believe that with proper information our employees will benefit as well as the company. I think we would also need to conduct an observation of the Cards on the website after the proposed changes. Business Proposal Customers can print cards for free, which means they don't have to purchase the card in-store. It is my Job to provide an effective solution. Background Each employee must make a standard of 480 per week equaling out to 100% order filling, with an acceptance of 90% for the week. Fillers should also have no errors with an acceptance of one error per one hundred cards. All orders should be accurate according to the consumers pick list. We thought it would help the company if we had a way for customers to access cards via internet. Cards are free and you can design them yourself.They can be printed or sent via email. Proposed Approach and Work Plan In our first approach we will observe the fillers in this department to make sure that loitering is the only underlying issue. We do not have a problem with employees socializing, but there is a Job to be done. If our consumers are not satisfied with our delivery then that puts the company in a hard place. We are falling behind, which causes us to lose money. Employees must be able to complete the work required of them in order for our business to remain steady. The issue that we are having is not with all of the employees, but it is effecting everyone.Each filler will have to check their orders before taking them to the line. After the orders are placed on the line, a ICQ checker will recheck the order to make sure it is correct according to its specific pick list. Since the orders are being double checked there should be little to no errors. The point of checking the orders more than once is to cut down on the number of errors in each order. The way the employees are working will also be observed. I think it would be best if we put someone on the floor hey are unfamiliar with rather than their team leader or a supervisor.Most times when employees see authority they change their routine so that it is pleasing in the eyes of the supervisor. The person that we put on the floor will be able to observe them for a week. At the end of the week he/she will report to us and we will go further from there. Employees lack the training and development required to perform their Job duties to the high standards of their employer (Scott, 2014). If this is the case, it is the employer and human resource responsibility to produce an action plan to help the employee develop the skills necessary to improve Job performance (Scott, 2014).It is important that you address performance issues as they arise and pursue a progressive approach to discipline (Rutgers). If the report from our source reveal that loitering is the main issue, we will then conduct a department meeting. In the department meeting we will discuss the issue with the employees. We will also discuss how it is effecting the company. After the discussion, we will tell them the consequences of not performing their Job duties to the best of their ability. If tankard is not met in the week, they will receive a write up.After they receive three write ups the employee will be terminated. Disciplining employees is a difficult part of supervision and management (Rutgers). Our customers enjoy the Cards. I don't feel we should stop the free services, but they should be limited. All of the cards should not be free. I know the goal is to draw in more customers, but the goal is also to make money. I think we should offer a certain amount of free Cards when the customers sign up and when they recommend the website to other people. I think if we take this approach we would ran more money.We may lose some customers, but I think in the end we would still profit. Conclusion The graph displayed is Just an example of the possible projections of our employees. The numbers are displayed as a single number but it is actually in hundreds. Each week their standard progresses. We hope the actual projections are better because these are Just average. Our goal is to make our consumers, customers and employees happy. In order to make this happen we need to wor k together. If we have employees that are willing to work and be productive, our company will continue to grow.Employee motivation is suppose to be a good way to get employees to do what you want them to do, according to Deed Parr. It is important to get to know your employees. Showing and being concerned about your employees motivate them, which produces better production. A strong and healthy work environment is always needed no matter what kind of business you are operating. When you find out what your employees interests are it is good to use them as positive reinforcement. The more personalized the incentive is the more motivation you will achieve and the greater the productivity (Parr, 2004). Unfit the company. Getting know your employees are important, but you do have those employees that are Just outright stubborn. You Just have those people that Just don't want to work (Stone, 2014). It will be up to human resources to come up with some vital information to help with the in terviewing of the potential employees. I believe that with proper information our employees will benefit as well as the company. I think we would also need to conduct an observation of the Cards on the website after the proposed changes. Business Proposal MAGALANG CHRISTIAN ECUMENICAL SCHOOL, Inc. Marbea Subd. , Sta. Cruz, Magalang, Pampanga In Partial Fulfillment for the Requirement in Technology and Livelihood Education IV Business Proposal â€Å"COCO KNOTS† Submitted by: Lean Carlo R. Gamboa Submitted to: Mrs. Alelie Sapnu-Duldulao Date submitted: February 4, 2013 I. Introduction The scientific name for coconut is Cocos nucifera. Early Spanish explorers called it coco, which means â€Å"monkey face† because the three indentations (eyes) on the hairy nut resemble the head and face of a monkey. Nucifera means â€Å"nut-bearing. † Coconut is highly nutritious and rich in fiber, vitamins, and minerals.It is classified as a â€Å"functional food† because it provides many health benefits beyond its nutritional content. The coconut palm is so highly valued by many as both a source of food and medicine that it is called â€Å"The Tree of Life. † The coconut provides a nutritious source of meat, juice, mil k, and oil that has fed and nourished populations around the world for generations. Naturally refreshing, coconut water has a sweet, nutty taste. It contains easily digested carbohydrate in the form of sugar and electrolytes. Coconut water has less sugar than many sports drinks and much less sugar than sodas and some fruit juices.Plain coconut water could be a better choice for adults and kids looking for a beverage that is less sweet. I choose this business because coconut water is becoming popular nowadays. People also are becoming health-conscious and they pick coco water instead of sodas or other fruit juices. Coconut is also cheap and affordable. II. Objectives 1. To earn profit. 2. To gain knowledge about the nature of business. 3. To help people and give them satisfaction. 4. To promote coconut water/coconut juice. III. Management Plan Management is the act of managing, controlling or conducting a business.Organizational structure is under the management plan. These are the p eople who provide labor that receive salaries while the owner receives the profit. * Organizational Structure -FIGURE 1- * ————————————————- Owner: responsible for controlling or administering all or part of a company; activities and business dealings. * ————————————————- Cashier: responsible for the payments and receipts of the costumer. * ————————————————- Worker: responsible in producing the products that are for sale. Table 1:Salaries of the employees. Employees| Working Hours| Monthly| Yearly| Cashier| 9:00am – 7:00pm| P 5, 000. 00| P 60, 000. 00| Worker #1| 9:00am – 6:00pm| P 3, 500. 00| P 42, 000. 00| Worker #2| 11:00am – 8:0 0pm| P 3, 500. 00| P 42, 000. 00| Table 2: Time Frame Activities| Jan| Feb| Mar| Apr| May| Jun| Jul| Aug| Sept| Oct| Nov| Dec| Preparation of business| | X| X| | | | | | | | | | Negotiation of financing| | | | X| X| | | | | | | | Registration of business| | | | | | X| X| | | | | | Setting-up production| | | | | | | | X| X| | | | Start of business| | | | | | | | | | X| | |IV. Marketing Plan Marketing  is the process used to determine what products or services may be of interest to customers, and the strategy to use in sales, communications and business development. It includes all the activities to develop a product and to move it from the producers to the consumers. Marketing can be divided into four categories called 4 – P’s: the product, price, place and promotion. * Product and Price ITEMS| PRICE| 1 Liter| P100. 00| 1 500 ml bottled coconut water| P55. 00| 1 250 ml bottled coconut water| P30. 00| 500 ml bottled coconut shake| P70. 00| 1 250 ml bottled coconut shak e| P40. 00| * Channel of Distribution Schools/Students: 50% Office Workers: 20%Walk-in buyers: 30% Figure 2: Coco Knots will be located near the AUF School and Hospital. It is the best area for my business since my target clients/customers are mostly students and employees of nearby business establishments. * Place: In front of Angeles University Foundation and Hospital. * Promotion: First I will advertise my products online, we all know that the net is widely-use nowadays.I will put streamers, posters and tarpaulins along the roads and at highly-populated places. On my opening day, I will offer free 250 ml bottle coconut water for every purchase of 1 liter of coconut water or 500 ml of coconut shake. For the first 10 persons to buy two 500ml of coconut shake gets a free Coco. Knots notebook. V. Production Plan Production is the act of creating ‘use' value or ‘utility' that can satisfy a want or need. It is the process on how certain products has been made or produced. * Flow Chart: Figure 1. ————————————————-Buy ingredients and equipments in the market: buy all of the ingredients and equipments needed for the production of your products. 2. ————————————————- Cleaning and preparing equipments: clean the equipments that will be use. Arrange the equipments needed. 3. ————————————————- Set up store area: Check the store if it has defects. 4. ————————————————- Packaging: It will be packed and ready for selling. VI. Tables A) Income Statement COCO. KNOTS’INCOME STATEMENT|Gross Sales | | P1, 019,520. 00| Beg inning Inventory| P0. 00| | Purchases | P693,000. 00| | Total cost of goods available for sale| P693,000. 00| | Less: Inventory End| P27,720. 00| | Total cost of goods sold | | P665,280. 00| Gross Profit on Sales| | P354,240. 00| Less Operating Expenses| | | Selling Expense| P 74,300. 00| | Salaries and Wages| P 144, 000. 00| | Total Expenses| | P 218, 300. 00| | | | Net Profit| | P135,940. 00| | ASSETS| LIABILITIES| Cash P478, 220. 00 | Advances from Parents P300,000. 0 | Equipments P30, 000. 00| | Inventory 27, 720. 00| Coco Knot’s Capital P 100,000. 00 Net Income P135,940. 00| | | Total Assets P535, 940. 00 | Total Liabilities and Prop. Capital P535,940. 00| | | . A) Owner’s Equity/ Proprietorship Assets – Liabilities = Owner’s Equity/Proprietorship ASSETS| LIABILITIES| OWNER’S EQUITY/PROPRIETORSHIP| P535,940. 00| P300,000. 00| P235,940. 00| Business Proposal Customers can print cards for free, which means they don't have to purchase the card in-store. It is my Job to provide an effective solution. Background Each employee must make a standard of 480 per week equaling out to 100% order filling, with an acceptance of 90% for the week. Fillers should also have no errors with an acceptance of one error per one hundred cards. All orders should be accurate according to the consumers pick list. We thought it would help the company if we had a way for customers to access cards via internet. Cards are free and you can design them yourself.They can be printed or sent via email. Proposed Approach and Work Plan In our first approach we will observe the fillers in this department to make sure that loitering is the only underlying issue. We do not have a problem with employees socializing, but there is a Job to be done. If our consumers are not satisfied with our delivery then that puts the company in a hard place. We are falling behind, which causes us to lose money. Employees must be able to complete the work required of them in order for our business to remain steady. The issue that we are having is not with all of the employees, but it is effecting everyone.Each filler will have to check their orders before taking them to the line. After the orders are placed on the line, a ICQ checker will recheck the order to make sure it is correct according to its specific pick list. Since the orders are being double checked there should be little to no errors. The point of checking the orders more than once is to cut down on the number of errors in each order. The way the employees are working will also be observed. I think it would be best if we put someone on the floor hey are unfamiliar with rather than their team leader or a supervisor.Most times when employees see authority they change their routine so that it is pleasing in the eyes of the supervisor. The person that we put on the floor will be able to observe them for a week. At the end of the week he/she will report to us and we will go further from there. Employees lack the training and development required to perform their Job duties to the high standards of their employer (Scott, 2014). If this is the case, it is the employer and human resource responsibility to produce an action plan to help the employee develop the skills necessary to improve Job performance (Scott, 2014).It is important that you address performance issues as they arise and pursue a progressive approach to discipline (Rutgers). If the report from our source reveal that loitering is the main issue, we will then conduct a department meeting. In the department meeting we will discuss the issue with the employees. We will also discuss how it is effecting the company. After the discussion, we will tell them the consequences of not performing their Job duties to the best of their ability. If tankard is not met in the week, they will receive a write up.After they receive three write ups the employee will be terminated. Disciplining employees is a difficult part of supervision and management (Rutgers). Our customers enjoy the Cards. I don't feel we should stop the free services, but they should be limited. All of the cards should not be free. I know the goal is to draw in more customers, but the goal is also to make money. I think we should offer a certain amount of free Cards when the customers sign up and when they recommend the website to other people. I think if we take this approach we would ran more money.We may lose some customers, but I think in the end we would still profit. Conclusion The graph displayed is Just an example of the possible projections of our employees. The numbers are displayed as a single number but it is actually in hundreds. Each week their standard progresses. We hope the actual projections are better because these are Just average. Our goal is to make our consumers, customers and employees happy. In order to make this happen we need to wor k together. If we have employees that are willing to work and be productive, our company will continue to grow.Employee motivation is suppose to be a good way to get employees to do what you want them to do, according to Deed Parr. It is important to get to know your employees. Showing and being concerned about your employees motivate them, which produces better production. A strong and healthy work environment is always needed no matter what kind of business you are operating. When you find out what your employees interests are it is good to use them as positive reinforcement. The more personalized the incentive is the more motivation you will achieve and the greater the productivity (Parr, 2004). Unfit the company. Getting know your employees are important, but you do have those employees that are Just outright stubborn. You Just have those people that Just don't want to work (Stone, 2014). It will be up to human resources to come up with some vital information to help with the in terviewing of the potential employees. I believe that with proper information our employees will benefit as well as the company. I think we would also need to conduct an observation of the Cards on the website after the proposed changes.

Irans Influence on the Balance of Power in the Middle East

Irans Influence on the Balance of Power in the Middle East Introduction The security of the Persian-Gulf region that is often influenced by the balance of power has been a problem to the security and stability of the region. The balance of power is based on the â€Å"zero-sum† basis game as well as the emergence of the rival actors in the region1.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Iran’s Influence on the Balance of Power in the Middle East specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This kind of system has resulted to wars in the region, tension, distrust, crises, and wars. With new developments in the region in terms of the political security especially in Iraq after the fall Saddam Hussein, the issue of the balance of power and the controller of the region has been a major problem. Iran and the US have been the major actors controlling the balance of power in the region. The issue of security in the region and maintaining stability in the region has been the caus e of Iran’s intention to influence the balance of power in the region. The role played by Iran in the region is often as a result of US strategy in the region. In the international zone at the moment, countries such as the United States and Russia are making attempts to reduce the production of nuclear weapons in the world, because Iran’s influence is due to its capability to produce nuclear weapons that has been a cause of concern not only to the Middle East but also the world. Iran’s nuclear weapon program has changed the balance of power in the Middle East region and with time it is likely to affect other country’s national security in the world. However, with the United States involved in other wars in the region, Iran’s balance of power influence is likely to continue through production of nuclear weapons that would further â€Å"complicate† an already volatile region2. This paper will look at the likely scenarios in the future in respe ct to Iran’s power influence in the Middle East through LAMP analysis that shall come up with future predictions based on the research questions that are â€Å"outlined† below3. This paper is not however intended to look at whether Iran is likely to continue with its nuclear power production. However, it will consider the reactions of the main actors such as the US, Israel and Egypt in relation to Iran’s balance of power influence.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Purpose of Study This paper aims to address the issue on Irans influence in the Middle East in the wake of the Arab unrest. It further discusses why Iran wanted to dominate the Middle East and its selfish ambitions and to the benefit of the region. Assumptions of the Study Some of the assumptions included: All the people involved in answering the questions would read prope rly and they were not medically unfit to prevent them from understanding the questions. Research Questions This paper aims at answering the question on why Iran has influenced the balance of power in the Middle East. It is important to know that the Iranian â€Å"subversion† has been the most feared attacks in the Middle East4. The ant-American activities led by Iran are of most concern to these states as they seek lasting peace in the region. Another question that this paper aim to answer is the potential reactions by countries such as Israel, the US, and Egypt to Irans â€Å"attainment† of nuclear power weapons5. Literature Review Since the Iranian Revolution of 1979, the country has a long withstanding history and the current debates that have dominated most books and the media with regard to Iran’s balance of power influence in the Middle East. Nevertheless, Iran’s history is much â€Å"complicated† disregard the recent developments and her inf luence in the region. Much of its history, shows that the country has been a key player in the region’s strategic policies and its location has given the country an added advantage in â€Å"bridging the gap† between the East Asian countries and the Middle Eastern region6. Iran had become a major trading centre for both the Eastern and the Western countries by 1935, even though this caused conflicts with other countries, Iran remained independent in its affairs at this time. However, during the period of 1700’s Turkey started to cover some sections of Persia as Iran was formerly known while Britain too came later and started to influence her power in Iran?Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Iran’s Influence on the Balance of Power in the Middle East specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Britain had managed to control Iran’s affairs however this was for a short time since by late 19 60’s Iran had changed socially, culturally and politically with the help of the outside countries. However, Iran managed to control the Middle East with the emergence of the new Emperor after the World War I. During the reign of Rezah Shah Iran changed militarily becoming a major force in the Middle East. Iran never managed to become a republic because of strong opposition from the religious leaders. With this opposition, however, developments and changes in areas such as the reformation of the judicial system, building of infrastructure like the trans-Iranian Railway, and improving the education system7. Whichever way the opposition from religious leaders would change the course of Iran’s emergence in becoming a major force in the Middle East and becoming a republican that would change the religious doctrines to approach life in a more secular way. The continued trend to modernize Iran, and the diplomatic and economic relationship with the other Middle East countries continued with future leaders who arose to power. After 1980, the nuclear weapon production issue by Iran started to become a major problem in the international community, this resulted poor relations between Iran and the Western countries, and this poor relations hold up until now. It is believed that energy, security and competition for the resources in the region are some of the main reasons for Iran’s major force in the region. The Middle East countries can therefore allow Iran to take control of most of the region’s affairs and avoid competition from the other countries of the world. This is well taken by countries such as the US who have adopted the same strategies of â€Å"containment† and implementation in the region8. Theoretical Framework Most of the information found in literature gives the required information on the historical ties and tensions between the various Middle East counties and how such relationships are likely to affect the balance of po wer in the region. This research is to show how Iran’s nuclear power program has affected the balance of power in the region.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, other research show that the wars and tensions in the region are as a result of power struggles in the region and the control of energy resources.. Clearly, Iran depends on the energy resources to implement the nuclear program and as leverage over those who are against their nuclear program. Past research do not look in depth at the various reactions to Iran’s balance of power influence in the region. Hypothesis The major hypothesis in this study is that the actions of other world states and those in the Middle East will heavily depend on the US stand with regard to Iran’s power influence in the Middle East. This is because the US is the superpower and thus likely to influence other countries in their decisions. This implies that the major actors such as Israel and Egypt will look at the US as a diplomatic, economic and military guide to base their reactions on in regard to Iran’s activities9. Research Design and Methods It can be said that there is no region in the world affected by conflicts more than the Middle East. This problem in the region is further complicated by Irans nuclear weapon possession and how its neighbors are likely to perceive this if Iran is to be confirmed as the ninth nuclear state. This research paper relies on predictions on this kind of reactions by these countries towards Irans balance of power influence and this method is the â€Å"Lockwood Analytical Method for Prediction†- LAMP method. However, current debates are concerned about stopping Iran from producing nuclear weapons; however other research papers have not looked in depth about the research questions10. However, my research through LAMP method of analysis will account for other things that are â€Å"overlooked† in Irans influence on the balance of power in the region that would give a decision maker the chance to make a more accurate assessment of the situation in the region11. The use of LAMP method for predicting the actions of the different states relative to Irans power influence in the region shall minimize biases, analytic â€Å"fallacies† and enable this research to accomplish its purpose that is debated in most of the scholarly books. None of the research books and other journals obtained in this topic used systematic analytic techniques such as LAMP, Delphi method, or the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). This method gives a more accurate prediction of events. Limitations of the research methods and Analysis The LAMP method does not often look on the alternatives of the future events that make the predictions by this method one-sided. Therefore this method is likely to make this research method loom as if it is not in depth however the results presented show the real picture of the situation in the Middle East. Findings From this research, clearly Iran has a great influence in the Middle East countries. It uses strategies such as diplomatic power, information, military, and economic factors as â€Å"levers† to exert their influence in the Middle East countries12. However, it was discovered that not all the elements used by Iran to exert her influence in the Middle East countries are a negative13. Clearly, the methods used by Iran to influence her balance of power in these countries are â€Å"two-faced†14. One of the methods is the decision by the Iranian government to offer moral support to these countries while targeting their influence in the governments of these countries, and encouraging free elections for the Middle East countries although â€Å"manipulating† the election results in favor of their mission15. However, Irans diplomatic and political influence is the most outstanding. This research shows that Iran gives 85 percent support to the Middle East countrys parties and the politicians. The government of Iran develops political relationships with the Middle East political parties with an aim of providing them financial support. Irans supp ort for these political parties especially in Iraq helps the U.S. and Iraqs â€Å"efforts† of building democracy in the country16. However, the intention of Iran is to ensure that the political parties that rule such countries as Iraq are those that are friendly to the Iranian government. The information, economic and military influence by Iran over the Middle East countries is in line with the countrys mission of dominating the region in terms of her political influence. Irans economic influence has helped to stabilize trade in the region, promote transportation and economic development. However, 80 percent of these agreements are in favor of Iran and the country benefits more in the trade agreements because of the prices of commodities. The findings show that Iran has the power over the prices of goods and services and the goods involved in trade are cheaper in Iran than in the other Middle East countries. These differences in price make it difficult for goods and services of the other Middle East countries to compete with those of Iran. Irans efforts to increase her influence in the Middle East Countries have enabled it to increase her competition with the US. Clearly after the Invasion of Israel in Lebanon in 1982, and after the 2006 Israel-Hezbollah war, the US has struggled to be in line with Irans influence in the region. The Islamic Republic has come up with strong relations with Syria and other non-state in the region. Iran however, has been active in her military influence especially in exploiting the Arab- Israel that has made it impossible for peace in the Arab-Israel countries. Nevertheless, the US has to deal with the Arab â€Å"hostility† to realize her strategic relations with Israel17. However, both Iran and the US face difficulties in dealing with Egypt, Syria, and other Arab countries. Iran and the US have both been competing in the influence of power in the Middle East. The US wants to bring stability in the region and reforma tions in democracy that has been affected as a result of the oil in the region. However, Iran wants to â€Å"spread† its religion of Islam and therefore her ideologies in Islam are the main concern for Iran18. Iran moreover, wants to promote â€Å"Shia† in the region and provide assistance for the terrorist hit countries19. The competition for control of the Middle East has been for long between the US and Iran. The research showed that USs main intention after taking Saddam Hussein from power was to dominate the region, remove the â€Å"counterinsurgency† groups and liberate the countries of the region. However, Iran supports some of the insurgent groups but the intention of Iran is to support the region in building the economy, and infrastructure. Changes in the Middle East regarding the uprisings and other political changes have affected the US policy in the region. Most of the years, the US policies have endured the region but the rise of the â€Å"Arab Spr ing† would change such activities by US in the region. The US policy in the region is shifting with such unrests in the region20. This research shows that even before the start of these changes, there was a problem in balancing the priorities in the Middle East. The priority of establishing stability in the region and that of ensuring that the US is protected through dealing with the terrorists and â€Å"counter-proliferation† enabled the rise of Iran as an influencing power in the Middle East that ensured that the US would not invade the Middle East region with the intention of bringing democracy and protecting human rights while it had her own selfish intentions21. Many believe that such cooperation of the Middle East countries was against the US military invasion in the region. However, the provision of assistance in terms of military by the US to its allies in the region to control â€Å"interstate† conflicts was seen further as a problem with the US allies i n the region, and the relationship of the regions countries with each other. For example, both Israel and Saudi Arabia might see the US as a friend to them while taking Iran as a major threat in the region. The region has long been characterized as by wars and interstate conflicts22. The Arab unrest has resulted in several changes in the region. The US policies are becoming a problem with Irans influence in the region and as a result of the unrest, and conflicts in the Middle East. There have been changes in the region such as: Public Opinions Power The public have done away with dictators in the region during the general elections and refuted the claim that the outside countries understand the Arab world better than them and they can help in dealing with the tensions in the region. The assumption that the US can now deal with the elite group in the region in the wake of such conflicts in the region has changed. However, it is not clear from this research the types of governments th at would be formed in those states that still undergoing changes as a result of the wars. The governments are not considering the public opinion and the groups that are seeking to bring changes in these countries. Even though the Arab uprisings do not believe that their main aim is the US policies in the region, writers believe that most of the Arab world citizens argue that their leaders have looked on their interests in favor of the US and other outside powers to get military assistance, and benefit in terms of trade. Their need to be more research to know how the upcoming leaders are dealing with the external policies more so regarding the Arab-Israel peace process. Islamist Support and Success This research found out that most of the public believe that the incorporation of Islam leaders in government may be the way forward for the regions long standing unrests. They believe that such religious leaders may help in seeing sympathy with the previously targeted people for â€Å"re pression†, there would be little competition from other parties, and a belief that the Islam parties are less corrupt because of their religion. Strategic Implications Clearly the US previously relied on her friends in the Arab region in doing away with forces such as Al Qaeda, Hama, Hezbollah, and other Islamic terrorist groups and the Iran and Syrian government during the cold war. However, the emergency of Iran in the region has affected US policy in the region and therefore the US does not have any influence in the region any longer. The Al-Qaeda groups have â€Å"embraced† the issue of change as the only important factor to do away with the opposition in the Middle East and to the corrupt governments23. The Arab unrest has resulted in the emergency of Iran as the â€Å"winners† as most of the US allies came under threat from the regions countries. He continues to assert that Irans influence is still growing as there is still a problem with the violence in Sy ria. This situation prompted Iran to protect her â€Å"regime† against such uprising24. The Hamas have put themselves away from the Syrian government while the Hezbollah supported it. This forced Iran to come up with ways to protect itself as the war in Syria would have had many consequences on Iran for its allies in Lebanon and Palestine. Israels Concerns and Peace Negotiations The government of Israel believed that the Arab unrest was a threat to Israels security as it would replace the allies of the country with Islamist governments that would be a problem to Israel. Therefore Irans influence in the region would be a more threat to Israel. Analysis The Iranian nuclear weapon program has been the issue in most of the world state over the security concern. However, most of the published reports in journals, and books look at Irans influence on the balance of power in the region rather than looking at the reactions of the various countries of the region such as Israel, and Eg ypt. Therefore this predictive study looks at Israel, Egypt, and the US while looking at Irans influence of power in the region. These three countries were selected in this research because each of them brings a specific point regarding the research questions. These three countries show the availability of enemies to Iran for example Israel, Egypt being a regional rival, and the US being the worlds superpower that is looking at Iran with some degree of â€Å"suspicion† and â€Å"anxiety†25. Each of the three countries has different perspectives regarding the research questions. The current debates and the content of books as researched do not put much emphasis on the reactions of the different countries to Irans balance of power influence in the region. However, history gives a more approach to the relationship between the US and Iran, Israel and Iran, or Egypt and Iran but not much information on the reactions of the three countries to Irans power influence in the reg ion. Most of the scholarly books tend to concentrate on the possibility actions of Egypt before Iran becomes a nuclear power threat, and what methods it will use as preventive measures against such nuclear weapons. However, most literature books and journals show that Iran would become a nuclear power and influence the decisions in the Middle East with time and this situation would be more complicated based on the reactions of the three countries and those of the Middle East regarding Irans influence in the region. The weakness of the present books and journals however do not accept the possibility of a major fall out in the world and security threat should Iran continue with her nuclear production. There are various reactions from the three countries relative to Irans influence of power in the region and the course of action has been influenced by the US and the relationship of the given country among the various Middle East countries. Through the LAMP method of analysis, Israel is likely to continue with its â€Å"status quo† to have its own nuclear weapons while depending on the US to put more pressure on Irans â€Å"diplomatic and economic† situations. Irans balance of power influence is likely to force countries such as Israel to declare them as nuclear weapon producers and pursue an â€Å"open deterrence† (Friedman 2011)26. This is likely to be as a blocking stone to Irans balance of power influence. Discussions Iran was one of the most powerful states both militarily and technologically when it was a Western ally country. However, much of its powers dropped drastically after the withdrawal of the Western advisor and the imposition of arms â€Å"embargo† by the US27. This made the country lose the Iran-Iraq war and its forces were weak, and Iran was unable to recover militarily after the war. Her influence in the Middle East is a strategy to gain her lost powers in the region and the country is looking for strategies to make n uclear weapons and this has enabled it to build one of the strongest forces in the Gulf. He further believes that Iran uses the membership of OPEC and energy resources as a source of â€Å"leverage† to influence its powers in the region28. Security of the Middle East countries has been deteriorating and therefore the influence of Iran in the region has a major role to play. â€Å"Insurgent† military in countries such as Iraq has been a threat to the development of that country. The activities of this militia have caused instability and violence in Iraq in the past. Even though the rise of Irans influence in the Middle East countries has worked in the reduction of such forces in Iraq, they still have the powers to cause insecurity in the country and â€Å"destabilize† Iraq29. The violence caused by this insurgent militia in Iraq had cause civil war in Iraq in 2006. Therefore, the influence of Iran on Iraq is to build good working relations with an intention of pr omoting good security in Iraq. This is the interest of Iran in the pursuit of her influence in the region. However, the Persian-Arabs cultural differences have been a problem to Irans mission of its influence. The influence of Iran on Iraq limitations as the more country becomes stable economically, the less it is likely that the country will have power influence in Iraq. Iran is an uncertain country in her decision making that makes it difficult to know the true objectives of her influence in the region. Moreover, it important to believe that Iran has her own intentions regarding its policies towards her balance of power influence in the region. A few writers may support the view that Irans regime in the region may â€Å"cling towards one principle objective†30. However, this research proofed that Irans goals for the balance of power influence in the region can be represented in a hierarchy form in the order of highest to lowest. According to Franssen 2010, if Iran achieves her goals ranked as the highest priority then it will focus its attention on achieving the next highest set of priorities. This has greatly contributed to the shift of power in the Middle East especially seeing Iran increase her dominance in the region. However, Irans influence in the region is affected by U.S. policy towards the region and some changes in Iran policy itself. The behavior of Iran and its influence in the Middle East has been eased by the possibility of the US using the attack on Iraq to invade Iran. I believed that the main intention for the US attack on Iraq was to get into Iran. Nevertheless, the fear of the emergence of strong and unified forces against Iran in the region would arise in effect to Saddams fall from power. This would act to destabilize Iran and the rise of civil wars in the region would be harmful for Iran. Therefore taking control over the region, would act as a defense mechanism and the fear drove this factor. Answering the Research Questions Why Iran has influenced the Balance of Power in the Middle East Iran has used several strategies to effect her power influence in the Middle East. The use of diplomacy and political engagement especially in Iraq after the fall of Saddam Hussein is worth noticing. This influence in Iraq was based on several factors. The involvement in the political and economic relations of Iraq was to ensure that Shiite dominated the Iraq power. This is because Iran wanted her Islamic religion to continue being in power as evidenced by their support of the Shiite whom shared the same religious background. Research shows that 60percent of Iraqs population consists of the Shiite. This group was oppressed during Saddams reign. Through this influence Iran would benefit through their military cooperation, energy and transportation sectors. During the Gulf war, most of the US soldiers did not help the Iraq Shia group, who wanted to overthrow Saddams government. The Iranian influences through the media has he lped to broadcast messages about the intention of the U.S. Government in the Middle East and helping to control US entry into the region. Reactions of major Actors The reactions of the major actors such as Israel, and Egypt to Iran’s influence in the Middle East are based on the influence of the US which is the world’s superpower. Conclusion The emergence of the Islamist activities and political parties in several countries such as Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya have raised a lot of concern about the power of the US state in partnership with the Islam-influenced governments. Protests in the Middle East have been driven by â€Å"legitimate grievances†31. The LAMP method of analysis enables the policy makers and the researcher to have a look on the possibility of any security threat in the world soon. By looking at the various reactions of Israel, Egypt and the US relative to Irans balance of power influence in the region, the method gives a clear picture of the Middle East situation. This research nevertheless adds to the already hot debates surrounding the Middle East in an analytical manner. This research, hopes that future research on this topic shall expound, remove some assumptions that are present in the scholarly articles and journals, and give an update on the latest developments regarding Irans influence in the Middle East. The situation of Iran is a security threat not only to the Middle East countries but also to the world. It is time for the world to find a solution to Irans nuclear balance of power influence. However, the influence of balance of power by Iran remains the US top foreign policy priority and among the G-20 states. This situation is likely to get worse should no action be taken in the most efficient manner. Bibliography Boucek, Christopher and Karim Sadjadpour. Rivals- Iran vs. Saudi Arabia. Sada, (Chicago: University of Chicago, 2011, p. 66-124). Link: http: Edelman, Eric et al. The dangers of a nuclear Iran: The limit s of containment. Foreign Affairs (Chicago: University of Chicago), 66-81. Etzioni Amitai. â€Å"Shifting Sands.† The Journal of International Security Affairs. (Chicago: University of Chicago, 2011) Web. Fransen, Herman. ABU DHABI-Abu Dhabi: oil and beyond. The Middle East Journal 63, 4 (2009): 668-669. Friedman, George. â€Å"Syria, Iran and the Balance of Power in the Middle East.† Real Clear World, (2011) Web. Garrison, Jean and Ahad Abdurahmonov. â€Å"Explaining the Central Asian energy game: Complex interdependence and how small states influence their big neighbors.† Asian Perspective 35 (July-September 2011): 381-405. Kvale, Steinar. Interviews: An introduction to qualitative research interviewing. Thousand Oaks California: Sage Publications (1996). Malley, Robert and Harling, Peter. Beyond moderates and militants. Foreign Affairs 89, 5 (2010): 18-29. Maloney, Suzanne. 2011. â€Å"Iran.† In The Arab Awakening: America and the Transformation of the Middle East, ed. Kenneth M Pollack, 258-267. New York: Brookings Institution Press. Muller, Philipp. 2011. â€Å"Driving Forces behind Alliance Building in the Middle East.† BIPS 01: 1-14. Nasri, Vali and Takeyh, Ray. The Costs of Containing Iran; Washingtons Misguided New Middle East Policy. Foreign Affairs 87, 1 (2008): 85-94. Oktav, Zeynep. The gulf states and Iran: a Turkish perspective. Middle East Policy 18, 2 (2011): 136-147. Pilisuk, Marc. Rountree Jeniffer and Pellegrini Gianina. Playing the imperial game: the mindset behind the attack on Iraq. Peace Research 40, 2 (2008): 39-59,112. Roshandel,Jalil and Nathan Chapman.2011. Iran, Israel, and the United States: Regime Security vs. Political Legitimacy. New York: ABC-CLIO. Slackman, Michael. 2011. â€Å"Arab Unrest Propels Iran as Saudi Influence Declines.† The New York Times,p. 123-8. Web. Ulrichsen, Kristian. Internal and external security in the Arab Gulf States. Middle East Policy 16, 2 (2009): 39-58. Footn otes 1. Etzioni Amitai. â€Å"Shifting Sands.† The Journal of International Security Affairs. (Chicago: University of Chicago, 2011) 2.. Boucek, Christopher and Karim Sadjadpour. Rivals- Iran vs. Saudi Arabia. Sada,(Chicago: University of Chicago, 2011) 3. Ibid., p. 110 4. Ulrichsen, Kristian. Internal and external security in the Arab Gulf States. Middle East Policy 16, 2 (2009): 39-58. 5.Ibid., p. 40 6. Oktav, Zeynep. The gulf states and Iran: a Turkish perspective. Middle East Policy 18, 2 (2011): 136-147. 7.Ibid., p.138 8. Maloney, Suzanne. 2011. â€Å"Iran.† In The Arab Awakening: America and the Transformation of the Middle East, ed. Kenneth M Pollack, 258-267. New York: Brookings Institution Press. 9. Ulrichsen, Kristian. Internal and external security in the Arab Gulf States. Middle East Policy 16, 2 (2009): 39-58. 10. Ulrichsen, Kristian. Internal and external security in the Arab Gulf States. Middle East Policy 16, 2 (2009): 39-58. 11. Edelman, Eric. The dang ers of a nuclear Iran: The limits of containment. Foreign Affairs (Chicago: University of Chicago), 66-81. 12 Ibid., p. 81 13.Ibid., p.69 14. Ibid., p.58 15.Ibid., p. 70 16.Ibid., p. 80 17. Kvale, Steinar. Interviews: An introduction to qualitative research interviewing. Thousand Oaks California: Sage Publications (1996). 18. Ulrichsen, Kristian. Internal and external security in the Arab Gulf States. Middle East Policy 16, 2 (2009): 39-58. 19.Ibid., p.58 20. Nasri, Vali and Takeyh, Ray. The Costs of Containing Iran; Washingtons Misguided New Middle East Policy. Foreign Affairs 87, 1 (2008): 85-94. 21.Ibid., p. 86 22.Ibid., p. 90 23. Maloney, Suzanne. 2011. â€Å"Iran.† In The Arab Awakening: America and the Transformation of the Middle East, ed. Kenneth M Pollack, 258-267. New York: Brookings Institution Press. 24.Ibid., p. 259 25. Garrison, Jean and Ahad Abdurahmonov. â€Å"Explaining the Central Asian energy game: Complex interdependence and how small states influence the ir big neighbors.† Asian Perspective 35 (July-September 2011): 381-405. 26. Fransen, Herman. ABU DHABI-Abu Dhabi: oil and beyond. The Middle East Journal 63, 4 (2009): 668-669 27.Ibid., p. 668 28.Ibid., p. 669 29.Ibid., p. 668 30. Roshandel,Jalil and Nathan Chapman.2011. Iran, Israel, and the United States: Regime Security Vs. Political Legitimacy. New York: ABC-CLIO. 31. Kvale, Steinar. Interviews: An introduction to qualitative research interviewing. Thousand Oaks California: Sage Publications (1996).

Free Essays on Rap And Rock And Roll

What’s Wrong With Rock & Roll & Rap? An idea believed by many people is that music has a significant effect on the way people think. Professional psychologists say that the lyrics used in music today has a brain-washing effect. This brain-washing effect is supposed to make the listener become so overwhelmed with the lyrics of the song that the person feels that it’s a must to act on what was heard. It doesn’t matter if what they do is accepted or not. It is common to believe that the type of music that provides unacceptable content is rap (hip-hop) music, or rock-n-roll (head-banger) music. The reason people have this presumption about rap and rock-n-roll is because both genres reputations of having or using inappropriate lyrics. A lyric from the N.W.A album F**k The Police states â€Å"Mr. Officer, I want to see you layin‘ in a coffin, sir.† This statement, as well as music that refers to women as "bitches," "whores" and sex-dispensing "hoes"(Saunders B29)is considered to be "Gangsta rap". â€Å"Gangsta Rap† has been criticized and debated over for its graphic sexual content, violent imagery and misogyny. When rappers were asked why they refer to women as â€Å"bitches† and â€Å"hoes† their replies were similar. "Snoop" uttered that â€Å"it is just for the women who are like that and if you're a real women, you're classy and elegant. Those lyrics wouldn’t necessarily affect you. Y ou’d just groove to the music".(Farley 78). Richard Shaw, A! .K.A Bushwick Bill, stated, "I call women bitches and hoes because all the women I've met since I've been out here are bitches and hoes." When asked at the National Association of Black Journalists convention what he calls his mother Shaw exclaimed, "I call her a 'woman', but I'm not f***ing my mother. If I was f***ing you, you'd be a bitch." (Raspberry A21). He then apologized for what he said to the reporter. Kevin Powell, a writer for Vibe magazine, believes that ra... Free Essays on Rap And Rock And Roll Free Essays on Rap And Rock And Roll What’s Wrong With Rock & Roll & Rap? An idea believed by many people is that music has a significant effect on the way people think. Professional psychologists say that the lyrics used in music today has a brain-washing effect. This brain-washing effect is supposed to make the listener become so overwhelmed with the lyrics of the song that the person feels that it’s a must to act on what was heard. It doesn’t matter if what they do is accepted or not. It is common to believe that the type of music that provides unacceptable content is rap (hip-hop) music, or rock-n-roll (head-banger) music. The reason people have this presumption about rap and rock-n-roll is because both genres reputations of having or using inappropriate lyrics. A lyric from the N.W.A album F**k The Police states â€Å"Mr. Officer, I want to see you layin‘ in a coffin, sir.† This statement, as well as music that refers to women as "bitches," "whores" and sex-dispensing "hoes"(Saunders B29)is considered to be "Gangsta rap". â€Å"Gangsta Rap† has been criticized and debated over for its graphic sexual content, violent imagery and misogyny. When rappers were asked why they refer to women as â€Å"bitches† and â€Å"hoes† their replies were similar. "Snoop" uttered that â€Å"it is just for the women who are like that and if you're a real women, you're classy and elegant. Those lyrics wouldn’t necessarily affect you. Y ou’d just groove to the music".(Farley 78). Richard Shaw, A! .K.A Bushwick Bill, stated, "I call women bitches and hoes because all the women I've met since I've been out here are bitches and hoes." When asked at the National Association of Black Journalists convention what he calls his mother Shaw exclaimed, "I call her a 'woman', but I'm not f***ing my mother. If I was f***ing you, you'd be a bitch." (Raspberry A21). He then apologized for what he said to the reporter. Kevin Powell, a writer for Vibe magazine, believes that ra...